![]() ![]() ĪSTM D2487-17e1 (2017) Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system) Guggenheim S, Martin RT, Alietti A et al (1995) Definition of clay and clay mineral: joint report of the AIPEA nomenclature and CMS nomenclature committees. An overview of ubiquitous clay mineral-bearing waste materials also identifies important opportunities for alternative clay sourcing in mining or extraction residues, and dredged or excavated sediments. 2:1 clay mineral resources have received somewhat less attention as SCM resources, however recent developments indicate significant potential for calcined impure common clays, and are reviewed. Occurrence, distribution and chemical and mineralogical selection criteria are discussed for kaolinitic clays, which often show superior reactivity and performance. This paper introduces the basic knowledge and concepts on clay occurrence and clay mineralogy, before presenting up-to-date knowledge on properties and occurrence of clay resources suitable for use as SCMs. To this purpose, a large number of clay resources have been explored, characterized and evaluated. The use of clays as resource of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) for a new generation of low-carbon cements and concretes is currently the subject of intense research efforts. Materials and Structures volume 55, Article number: 139 ( 2022) Properties and occurrence of clay resources for use as supplementary cementitious materials: a paper of RILEM TC 282-CCL RILEM TC 282 - CCL, Calcined Clays as Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
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